The flexible tissue found in the hollow interior of the bone is called bone marrow. The marrow produces new blood cells. The marrow in human body constitutes 4% of the total body weight. The marrow stromal cells contain the stem cells, which are multipotent in nature. The various diseases involving the bone marrow are anemia, tuberculosis, leukemia and many more. In these different kinds of diseases, the only best remedy is to assist the patient with fresh stem cells. Recent researches have shown that the stem cells are produce wonders.
There are majorly three types of stem cells; they are Hematopoietic stem cells, Mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial stem cells. The Hematopoietic stem cells help to produce three types of blood cells, which help in circulation. They are white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets. The Mesenchymal stem cells help to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, myocytes and many more. They are often termed as the gate keeper of bone marrow. There has always been advanced researches, controversies over stem cells. Keeping aside all debates, it has been proved that the discovery of stem cells in medical science is one of the greatest medical discoveries in the century. Today scientists are work hard on stem cells to discover more advantages of the stem cells. Diseases like cancer and birth defects occur due to problems in the differentiation process. Hence stem cells help to cure such diseases. Apart from providing medical benefits stem cells helps in therapeutic cloning and regenerative medicines. It acts as a medicine for diseases like Parkinson’s diseases, Schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s diseases, Cancer, Spinal Cord injury, diabetes and many more. With the help of stem cells, few organs and limbs can be developed in labs and then used for transplantation. Many drugs are been tested on the stem cells and not on animals or human testers. Stem cells can detect the power of the drugs and assist to detect the effect of the same of humans. Stem cells have proved fatal in the study of abnormal birth.
The main area where the stem cells help mankind is its power to renew blood cells. Fatal diseases like bone marrow where the capability to regenerate the blood cells are lost, there the stem cells play a significant role. The blood containing high percentage of stem cell is rich in white blood cells and thus it helps in bone marrow transplantation. The embryonic stem cells help to develop into cell types of the body. It is believed that the study and the usage of stem cells would change the world of science. The capability to renew itself is very vital. Any kind of transplantation would mainly require the stem cells. To use the adult stem cells, which are not from the embryo, is a little difficult to work. Further the usage and development of the same may take few years.
There have been debates over the use of stem cells by few ethical groups. For the sake of mankind and for the development of science the research of stem cells is going on and it is proving fatal for all.
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